Apex in salesforce

Hello Madhu,

Apex class always execute in system mode i.e. Apex code has access to all objects and fields irrespective of the logged in User. Example - lets consider you have VF page in which you are showing certain fields as columns. Lets see one column says "Sales Rep Performance" which displays a flag in red, green and yellow. Now ideally this field should not be visible whenever a Sales Rep accesses this page (consider this as business requirement). But it is always visible if the class has no keyword specified or if a class has without sharing specified.

Now once the class is "with sharing" the object permissions, field-level security, sharing rules are applied for the current user and fields which should not be visible/accessible and not visible or accessible.

Important -

If a method is defined in a class declared with 'with sharing' is called by a class declared with 'without sharing', the method will execute with sharing rules enforced.
The class doesn’t enforce sharing rules except if it acquires sharing rules from another class. Ex. Class A (with sharing) calls a method from Class B(Without sharing) then complete context is 'with sharing'
Inner classes do not inherit the sharing setting from their container class.

So,  ''without sharing" keywords to ensure that Apex scripts do not enforce the sharing rules of the running user.

Thanks

Parul Singh