Value providers helps use to access data in Lightning Application .They are two value providers as v(View) and c(controller)
v is component attribute set which helps to access component attribute values in markup
c is component controller helps us to link with event handlers and action for the component
Salesforce Lightning Value Providers. Value providers are a way to access data. Value providers encapsulate related values together, similar to how an object encapsulates properties and methods. The value providers for a component are v (view) and c (controller)
Thanks.