What Is Property In Salesforce Apex? Explain With Advantages?

Here is some points more:

Apex property is similar to a variable, they can validate data before a change is made; they can prompt an action when data is changed, such as altering the value of other member variables; or they can expose data that is retrieved from some other source, such as another class.

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Hi,

Apex introduced the new concept of property from language shown below:
publicString name {get; set;}

A setter method that assigns the value of this attribute to a class variable in the associated custom component controller. If this attribute is used, getter and setter methods, or a property with get and set values, must be defined.

Apex mainly consists of syntax from the well-known programming language Java. As a practice of encapsulation in Java, we declare any variable as private and then create the setters and getters for that variable.
Apex mainly consists of syntax from the well-known programming language Java. As a practice of encapsulation in Java, we declare any variable as private and then create the setters and getters for that variable.
private String name;
public void setName(String n)
{
name = n;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
However, the Apex introduced the new concept of property from language C# as shown below:
public String name {get; set;}
We can see how simple the code is, and instead of using nearly 8 to 11 lines, all done in 1 line only. It will be very useful when many members are declared in Apex class. It has another advantage in salesforce's "number of lines of code" limit, which is drastically reduced.

In Apex, variables are declared as private by default following the capsulation practice from Java. To make these variables accessible outside the class, setters and getters need to be created. Read about it here: https://www.salesforcetutorial.com/what-is-property-in-apex-salesforce/